Got it? Now imagine that every integer is painted either red or blue. It's like there's an election coming and you have to pick one side or the other, and stay that way. The boolean Pythagorean triples problem, as put forth by mathematician Ronald Graham in the 1980s, asks whether, in this two-color scenario, you could color the numbers so that no set of Pythagorean triples are all the same color—that is, all three red or all three blue.