Mr. Wadge's Math Shack
  • Welcome
  • Grade 12 Courses
    • Calculus 12 >
      • Projects
      • Ch 0: PreCalculus Review >
        • 0.0 One-Day Review
        • 0.1 PreCalculus Review (part 1)
        • 0.2 PreCalculus Review (part 2)
        • 0.3 PreCalculus Review (part 3)
        • 0.4 PreCalculus Review (part 4)
        • 0.5 PreCalculus Review (part 5)
      • Ch 1 Limits and Rates of Change >
        • 1.1 & 1.2 Tangent Problem / Limit of a Function
        • 1.3 One-Sided Limits
        • 1.3 (part 2) Intermediate Value Theorem
        • 5.1 Vertical Asymptotes
        • 5.2 Horizontal Asymptotes
        • 1.4 Using Limits to Find Tangents
        • 1.5 Velocity and Other Rates of Change
        • 1.8 Review Exercises / 1.9 Chapter Test
      • Ch 2 Derivatives >
        • 2.1 Derivatives
        • 2.2 The Power Rule
        • 2.3 The Sum and Difference Rules
        • 2.4 The Product Rule
        • 2.5 The Quotient Rule
        • 2.6 The Chain Rule
        • 2.7 Implicit Differentiation
        • 2.8 Higher Derivatives
        • 2.9 Review Exercises / 2.10 Chapter Test
      • Ch 3 Applications of Derivatives >
        • 3.1 Velocity
        • 3.2 Acceleration
        • 3.3 Rates of Change in the Natural Sciences
        • 3.5 Related Rates
        • 3.6 Newton's Method
        • BONUS: Local Linear Approximation
        • 3.7 Review Exercises / 3.8 Chapter Test
      • Ch 4 Extreme Values >
        • 4.1 Increasing and Decreasing Functions (part 1 of 2)
        • 4.1 Increasing and Decreasing Functions (part 2 of 2)
        • 4.2 Maximum and Minimum Values
        • 4.0 Existence Theorems
        • 4.3 The First Derivative Test
        • 4.4 Applied Maximum and Minimum Problems (part 1 of 2)
        • 4.4 Applied Maximum and Minimum Problems (part 2 of 2)
        • 4.6 Review Exercises / 4.7 Chapter Test
      • Ch 5 Curve Sketching >
        • 5.0 Review
        • 5.3 Concavity and Points of Inflection
        • 5.4 The Second Derivative Test
        • 5.5 A Procedure For Curve Sketching (part 1 of 2)
        • 5.5 A Procedure For Curve Sketching (part 2 of 2)
        • 5.6 Slant Asymptotes
        • 5.7 Review Exercises / 5.8 Chapter Test
      • Ch 6 Trigonometry Review >
        • 6.0 Review (part 1)
        • 6.0 Review (part 2)
        • 6.0 Review (part 3)
      • Ch 7 Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions >
        • 7.1 Limits of Trigonometric Functions
        • 7.2 Derivatives of the Sine and Cosine Functions (part 1 of 2)
        • 7.2 Derivatives of the Sine and Cosine Functions (part 2 of 2)
        • 7.3 Derivatives of Other Trigonometric Functions
        • 7.4 Applications
        • 7.5 Inverse Trigonometric Functions (part 1 of 2)
        • 7.5 Inverse Trigonometric Functions (part 2 of 2)
        • 7.6 Derivatives of the Inverse Trigonometric Functions
        • 7.7 Review Exercises / 7.8 Chapter Test
      • Ch 8 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions >
        • 8.1 Exponential Functions
        • 8.2 Derivatives of Exponential Functions
        • 8.0 Review of Logarithms
        • 8.3 Logarithmic Functions
        • 8.4 Derivatives of Logarithmic Functions
        • 8.6 Logarithmic Differentiation
        • BONUS: Indeterminate Forms and L'Hôpital's Rule
        • 8.7 Review Exercises / 8.8 Chapter Test
      • Ch 9 Area Under Curves >
        • 9.1 Riemann Sums
        • 9.2 The Trapezoidal Rule
        • 9.3 Sigma Notation
        • 9.4 Limit of Riemann Sums
      • Ch 10 Integration >
        • 10.1 Antiderivatives
        • 10.2 The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
        • 10.3 The Substitution Rule
        • 10.4 Integration by Parts
      • Ch 11 Applications of Integrals >
        • 11.1 The Average Value Theorem
        • 11.2 Volume of Rotational Solids
        • 11.3 Volume of Rotational Solids (part 2)
        • 11.4 Volume of Rotational Solids (part 3)
        • 11.5 Differential Equations
        • 11.6 Slope Fields
      • Ch 12 Cumulative Review >
        • 12.1 Cumulative Review for Chapters 1 – 3
        • 12.2 Cumulative Review for Chapters 4 – 7
        • 12.3 Cumulative Review for Chapters 8 – 9
    • PreCalculus 12 >
      • Term Project Options
      • Review of Grade 11
      • Chapter 1: Sequence and Series >
        • 1.1 Arithmetic Sequences
        • 1.2 Arithmetic Series
        • 1.3 Geometric Sequences
        • 1.4 Geometric Series
        • 1.5 Infinite Geometric Series
        • 1.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch2: Transformations (First Half) >
        • 2.1 Functions and Relations (review)
        • 2.2 Arithmetic Combinations of Functions
        • 2.3 Composite Functions
        • 2.5 Inverse Functions (Part 1 of 2)
        • 2.5 Inverse Functions (Part 2 of 2)
        • 2.7 Chapter Review
      • Ch2: Transformations (Second Half) >
        • 2.4 Transformations of Graphs (Part 1 of 2)
        • 2.4 Transformations of Graphs (Part 2 of 2)
        • 2.6 Combined Transformations
        • 2.7 Chapter Review
      • Ch3: Polynomials >
        • 3.1 Polynomials
        • 3.2 Graphing Polynomial Functions
        • 3.3 Division of Polynomials
        • 3.4 The Remainder and Factor Theorems
        • 3.5 Polynomial Applications
        • 3.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch4: Radicals & Rational Functions >
        • 4.1 Radicals
        • 4.2 Graphing and Solving Radical Equations
        • 4.3 Rational Functions
        • 4.4 Graphing Rational Functions
        • 4.5 Chapter Review
      • Ch5: Logarithms >
        • 5.1 Exponents
        • 5.2 Logarithmic Functions and their Graphs (Part 1 of 2)
        • 5.2 Logarithmic Functions and their Graphs (Part 2 of 2)
        • 5.3 Properties of Logarithms
        • 5.4 Exponential and Logarithmic Equations
        • 5.5 Applications of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
        • 5.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch6: Trigonometry (Pt. 1) >
        • 6.1 Angles and their Measure
        • 6.2 Trigonometric Functions of Acute Angles
        • 6.3 Trigonometric Function - General & Special Angles
        • 6.4 Graphing Basic Trigonometric Functions (part 1 of 3)
        • 6.4 Graphing Basic Trigonometric Functions (part 2 of 3)
        • 6.4 Graphing Basic Trigonometric Functions (part 3 of 3)
        • 6.5 Application of Periodic Functions
        • 6.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch7: Trigonometry (Pt. 2) >
        • 7.1 Trigonometric Identities and Equations
        • 7.2 Verifying Trigonometric Identities
        • 7.3 Trigonometric Equations (part 1 of 2)
        • 7.3 Trigonometric Equations (part 2 of 2)
        • 7.4 Sum and Difference Identities (part 1 of 2)
        • 7.4 Sum and Difference Identities (part 2 of 2)
        • 7.5 Double Angle Identities
        • 7.6 Chapter Review
      • Old Curriculum Material >
        • 7.1 Fundamental Counting Principle (part 1 of 2)
        • 7.1 Fundamental Counting Principle (part 2 of 2)
        • 7.2 Permutations
        • 7.3 Combinations
        • 7.4 Binomial Theorem
        • 7.5 Pathway Problems
        • 7.6 Chapter Review
      • Final Exam
    • Foundations 12 >
      • Ch 1: Logical Reasoning and Set Theory >
        • 1.1 Connecting Words "And", "Or", "Not"
        • 1.2 Set Theory (Part 1 of 2)
        • 1.2 Set Theory (Part 2 of 2)
        • 1.3 Venn Diagrams - Part One
        • 1.4 Venn Diagrams - Part Two
        • 1.5 Conditional Statements
        • 1.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch 2: Permutations and Combinations >
        • 2.1 The Fundamental Counting Principle (part 1 of 2)
        • 2.1 The Fundamental Counting Principle (part 2 of 2)
        • 2.2 Factorial Notation and Permutations (part 1 of 2)
        • 2.2 Factorial Notation and Permutations (part 2 of 2)
        • 2.3 Permutations with Restrictions
        • 2.4 Permutations with Repetitions
        • 2.5 Combinations - Part 1
        • 2.6 Combinations - Part 2
        • 2.7 Problem Solving with Permutations and Combinations
        • 2.8 Chapter Review
      • Ch 3: Probability >
        • 3.1 Probability Terminology and Notation
        • 3.2 Odds and Probability
        • 3.3 Mutually Exclusive Events and the Event "A ∪ B"
        • 3.4 Independent / Dependent Events and the Event "A ∩ B"
        • 3.5 Solving Problems Using Tables and Diagrams
        • 3.6 Probability Involving Permutations and Combinations
        • 3.7 Chapter Review
      • Ch 4: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions >
        • 4.1 Review and Preview (part 1 of 2)
        • 4.1 Review and Preview (part 2 of 2)
        • 4.2 Analyzing Exponential Functions (part 1 of 2)
        • 4.2 Analyzing Exponential Functions (part 2 of 2)
        • 4.3 Analyzing Logarithmic Functions (part 1 of 2)
        • 4.3 Analyzing Logarithmic Functions (part 2 of 2)
        • 4.4 Interpreting Graphs of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
        • 4.5 Modelling Data Using Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
        • 4.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch 5: Polynomial and Sinusoidal Functions >
        • 5.1 Polynomial Functions of Degree Zero, One, and Two
        • 5.2 Polynomial Functions of Degree Three
        • 5.3 Modelling Data Using Polynomial Functions
        • 5.4 Angular Measure - Degrees and Radians (part 1 of 2)
        • 5.4 Angular Measure - Degrees and Radians (part 2 of 2)
        • 5.5 Amplitude and Period
        • 5.6 Horizontal & Vertical Shifts
        • 5.7 Modelling Data Using Sinusoidal Functions
        • 5.8 Chapter Review
      • Ch 6: Financial Mathematics >
        • 6.1 Simple Interest andCompound Interest
        • 6.2 Investments Using Compound Interest
        • 6.3 Basic Loans Using Compound Interest (part 1 of 2)
        • 6.3 Basic Loans Using Compound Interest (part 2 of 2)
        • 6.4 Mortgages
        • 6.5 Buying, Renting, and Leasing
        • 6.6 Investment Portfolios
        • 6.7 Chapter Review
  • Grade 11 Classes
    • PreCalculus 11 >
      • Review (what you should already know)
      • Ch1: Factoring and the Quadratic Function >
        • 1.1 Factoring
        • 1.2 Factoring (More Complicated Types)
        • 1.3 Properties of Quadratic Functions
        • 1.4 The Standard Form of a Quadratic Function
        • 1.5 Chapter Review
      • Ch2: Quadratic Transformations >
        • 2.1 Finding the Equation of a Parabola
        • 2.2 General Form to Standard Form
        • 2.3 Vertex of a Parabola
        • 2.4 Applications of Quadratic Functions
        • 2.5 Chapter Review
      • Ch3: Quadratic Equations >
        • 3.1 Solving Quadratic Equations by Factoring
        • 3.2 Completing the Square and Square Root Property
        • 3.3 The Quadratic Formula
        • 3.4 Graphing Calculator and the Discriminant
        • 3.5 Applications of Quadratic Equations
        • 3.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch4: Systems of Equations >
        • 4.1 Graphing Non-Linear Systems of Equations
        • 4.2 Solving Non-Linear Systems Algebraically
        • 4.3 Graphing Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
        • 4.4 Graphing Non-Linear Inequalities
        • 4.5 Applications of Inequalities
        • 4.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch5: Radicals >
        • 5.1 Radical Operations (Part 1 of 2)
        • 5.1 Radical Operations (Part 2 of 2)
        • 5.2 Simplifying Radicals
        • 5.3 Adding and Subtracting Radical Expressions
        • 5.4 Multiplying and Dividing Radical Expressions (Part 1 of 2)
        • 5.4 Multiplying and Dividing Radical Expressions (Part 2 of 2)
        • 5.5 Radical Equations
        • 5.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch6: Rational Functions >
        • 6.1 Properties of Rational Expressions
        • 6.2 Multiplication and Division of Rational Expressions
        • 6.3 Sums and Differences of Rational Expressions
        • 6.4 Mixed Operations
        • 6.5 Rational Equations
        • 6.6 Graphing Rational Functions
        • 6.7 Applications of Rational Equations
        • 6.8 Chapter Review
      • Ch7: Trigonometry >
        • 7.1 Angles and their Measure
        • 7.2 The Three Trigonometric Functions
        • 7.3 Special Angles
        • 7.4 & 7.5 Oblique Triangles / Law of Sines (Part 1)
        • 7.5 Law of Sines (Part 2)
        • 7.6 Law of Cosines
        • 7.7 Chapter Review
      • Ch8: Finance >
        • 8.1 Investments and Loans
        • 8.2 Effective Interest Rates and Annuities
        • 8.3 Stocks and Bonds
        • 8.4 Instalment Loans
        • 8.5 Canadian Mortgages
        • 8.6 Chapter Review
      • Final Exam Review
      • Old Curriculum Material >
        • 1.1 Absolute Value
        • 4.3 Absolute Value Functions
        • 4.4 Solving Absolute Value Equations
        • 4.5 Rational Functions
        • 4.6 Reciprocal Functions (Part 1 of 2)
        • 4.6 Reciprocal Functions (Part 2 of 2)
        • 4.7 Chapter Review
    • Foundations 11 >
      • Ch 1: Rates and Scale Factor >
        • 1.1 Ratios and Rates
        • 1.2 Visualizing Rates
        • 1.3 Similar Figures
        • 1.4 Perimeter, Area and Surface Area of Similar Figures
        • 1.5 Volume of Similar Figures
        • 1.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch 2: Geometry >
        • 2.1 Geometry
        • 2.2 Proofs
        • 2.3 Polygons
        • 2.4 Compass and Straightedge Construction
        • 2.5 Chapter Review
      • Ch 3: Non-Right Angle Triangles >
        • 3.1 Review of Sine, Cosine and Tangent for Right Triangles
        • 3.2 Law of Sines (Part 1 of 2)
        • 3.2 Law of Sines (Part 2 of 2)
        • 3.3 Law of Cosines
        • 3.4 Applied Problems
        • 3.5 Chapter Review
      • Ch 4: Analyze Puzzles and Games >
        • 4.1 Patterns
        • 4.2 Inductive Reasoning
        • 4.3 Deductive Reasoning
        • 4.4 Puzzles and Games of Strategy
        • 4.5 Chapter Review
      • Ch 5: Statistics >
        • 5.1 Mean, Median and Mode
        • 5.2 Standard Deviation
        • 5.3 The Normal Distribution (Part 1 of 2)
        • 5.3 The Normal Distribution (Part 2 of 2)
        • 5.4 Confidence Interval for Means
        • 5.5 Chapter Review
      • Ch 6: Linear Systems >
        • 6.1 Review: Graphing a Linear Equation (Part 1 of 2)
        • 6.1 Review: Graphing a Linear Equation (Part 2 of 2)
        • 6.2 Linear Inequalities
        • 6.3 Linear Programming
        • 6.4 Application of Linear Programming
        • 6.5 Chapter Review
      • Ch 7: Quadratic Functions >
        • 7.1 Quadratic Functions (Part 1 of 3)
        • 7.1 Quadratic Functions (Part 2 of 3)
        • 7.1 Quadratic Functions (Part 3 of 3)
        • 7.2 General Form of a Quadratic Function
        • 7.5 Application of Quadratic Functions & Equations (part 1 of 2)
        • 7.0 Graphing Non-Linear Systems of Equations (Part 1 of 2)
        • 7.0 Graphing Non-Linear Systems of Equations (Part 2 of 2)
        • 7.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch8: Math Research Project
      • Old Curriculum Material >
        • 7.3 Quadratic Equations
        • 7.4 Solving Quadratic Equations (part 1 of 2)
        • 7.4 Solving Quadratic Equations (part 2 of 2)
        • 7.5 Application of Quadratic Functions & Equations (part 2 of 2)
    • Workplace 11 >
      • Ch 1: Slope and Rate of Change >
        • 1.1 Ratios and Proportions
        • 1.2 Rates / Solving Problems with Proportions
        • 1.3 Slope
        • 1.4 Angle of Elevation
        • 1.5 Pitch, Grade, and Drop
        • 1.6 Calculating Slope on a Coordinate Plane
        • 1.7 Calculating Slope from Ordered Pairs
        • 1.8 Rate of Change
        • 1.9 Interpolation and Extrapolation
      • Ch 2: Graphs and Statistics >
        • 2.1 Broken Line Graphs
        • 2.2 Bar Graphs
        • 2.3 Pictographs
        • 2.4 Histograms
        • 2.5 Review of Percents / Circle Graphs ​(part 1 of 2)
        • 2.5 Making Circle Graphs (part 2 of 2)
        • 2.6 Graphs and Technology
        • 2.7 Other Types of Graphs
        • 2.8 Misleading Graphs
        • 2.9 Mean, Median, Mode, and Range
        • 2.10 Standard Deviation
      • Ch 3: Scale Factor and Representations >
        • 3.1 Scale Factor
        • 3.2 Scale Diagrams
        • 3.3 One-Point Perspective
        • 3.4 Two-Point Perspective
        • 3.5 Exploded Views and Component Parts
        • 3.6 Orthographic Drawings
        • 3.7 Isometric Drawings
        • 3.8 Oblique Drawings
      • Ch 4: Financial Literacy >
        • 4.1 Financial Institutions
        • 4.2 Bank Accounts
        • 4.3 Bank Statements
        • 4.4 Simple Interest
        • 4.5 Compound Interest
        • 4.6 Compounding Periods
        • 4.7 Credit
        • 4.8 Loans
        • 4.9 Mortgages
        • 4.10 Mortgage Payments
        • 4.11 Investments
  • Grade 8, 9, 10 Classes
    • Foundations & PreCalculus 10 >
      • Problem Sets
      • Review (what you should already know)
      • Ch 1: Measuring Systems, Surface Area, and Volume >
        • 1.1 Metric Systems
        • 1.2 Imperial Systems
        • 1.3 Converting Metric and Imperial Systems
        • 1.4 Surface Area and Volume of Prisms (part 1 of 2)
        • 1.4 Surface Area and Volume of Prisms (part 2 of 2)
        • 1.5 Surface Area and Volume of Pyramids
        • 1.6 Surface Area and Volume of Cylinders, Cones, and Spheres
        • 1.7 Chapter Review
      • Ch 2: Radicals >
        • 2.1 Number Systems
        • 2.2 Greatest Common Factor and Least Common Multiple (part 1 of 2)
        • 2.2 Greatest Common Factor and Least Common Multiple (part 2 of 2)
        • 2.3 Squares and Square Roots
        • 2.4 Rational And Irrational Numbers
        • 2.5 Simplifying Radicals
        • 2.6 Exponential Notation (part 1 of 3)
        • 2.6 Exponential Notation (part 2 of 3)
        • 2.6 Exponential Notation (part 3 of 3)
        • 2.7 Chapter Review
      • Ch 3: Polynomials >
        • 3.1 Classifying Polynomials (part 1 of 2)
        • 3.1 Classifying Polynomials (part 2 of 2)
        • 3.2 Multiplying Polynomials
        • 3.3 Removing Common Factors
        • 3.4 Factoring x^2 + bx + c (part 1 of 2)
        • 3.4 Factoring x^2 + bx + c (part 2 of 2)
        • 3.5 Factoring ax^2 + bx + c
        • 3.6 Special Factors
        • Algebra Tiles
        • 3.7 Chapter Review
      • Ch 4: Relations and Functions >
        • 4.1 Relations
        • 4.2 Functions
        • 4.3 Linear Equations
        • 4.4 Non-Linear Equations
        • 4.5 Graphing with a Calculator
        • 4.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch 5: Linear Functions >
        • 5.1 Slope
        • 5.2 Rate of Change
        • 5.3 Graphing Linear Functions
        • 5.4 Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
        • 5.5 Applications of Linear Relations
        • 5.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch 6: Linear Equations >
        • 6.0 Rewriting Equations
        • 6.1 Different Forms of Linear Equations (part 1 of 2)
        • 6.1 Different Forms of Linear Equations (part 2 of 2)
        • 6.2 Special Cases of Linear Equations
        • 6.3 Equations of Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
        • 6.4 Linear Applications and Modelling
        • 6.5 Function Notation
        • 6.6 Chapter Review
      • Ch 7: Solving Linear Systems >
        • 7.1 Solving Linear Systems by Graphing
        • 7.2 Solving Linear Systems by Addition
        • 7.3 Solving Linear Systems by Substitution
        • 7.4 Problem Solving with Two Variables
        • 7.5 Chapter Review
      • Ch 8: Trigonometry >
        • 8.1 Sine, Cosine, and Tangent for Right Triangles (part 1 of 2)
        • 8.1 Sine, Cosine, and Tangent for Right Triangles (part 2 of 2)
        • 8.2 Relationships Between Sine, Cosine, and Tangent
        • 8.3 Special Angles
        • 8.4 Applications of Trigonometry
        • 8.5 Compound Trigonometry Applications
        • 8.6 Chapter Review
    • Math 9 >
      • Ch 1: Square Roots, Powers, and Exponent Laws >
        • 1.1 Square Roots
        • 1.2 Square Roots of Big & Small Numbers
        • 1.3 Estimating Square Roots
        • 1.4 Powers
        • 1.5 Order of Operations
        • 1.6 Exponent Rules
        • 1.7 Power Rules
        • 1.8 Review
      • Ch 2: Finance >
        • 2.1 Salary and Wages
        • 2.2 Commission
        • 2.3 Tips and Piecework
        • 2.4 Deductions
        • 2.5 Simple Interest
        • 2.6 Budgeting
      • Ch 3: Rational Numbers >
        • 3.1 Rational Numbers
        • 3.2 Operations with Integers
        • 3.3 Operations with Decimals
        • 3.4 Dividing Decimals
        • 3.5 Multiplying and Dividing Fractions
        • 3.6 Adding Fractions
        • 3.7 Subtracting Fractions
        • 3.8 Adding and Subtracting Negative Rational Numbers
        • 3.9 Order of Operations with Rational Numbers
        • 3.10 Review
      • Ch 4: Polynomials >
        • 4.1 Defining Polynomials
        • 4.2 Simplifying Polynomials
        • 4.3 Adding & Subtracting Polynomials
        • 4.4 Multiplying Polynomials
        • 4.5 Dividing Polynomials
        • 4.6 Order of Operations with Polynomials
      • Ch 5: Linear Equations >
        • 5.1 One-Step Equations
        • 5.2 Two-Step Equations
        • 5.3 Using the Distributive Property
        • 5.4 Combining Like Terms
        • 5.5 Variables on Both Sides of an Equation
        • 5.6 Clearing Fractions
        • 5.7 Solving ANY Linear Equation
        • 5.8 Writing Algebraic Equations
      • Ch 6: Proportional Reasoning >
        • 6.1 Congruent Triangles
        • 6.2 Similar Triangles (Part 1 of 2)
        • 6.2 Similar Triangles (Part 2 of 2)
        • 6.3 Similar Polygons
        • 6.4 Scale Factor
        • 6.5 Scale Diagrams
        • 6.6 Unit Conversions
      • Ch 7: Statistics >
        • 7.1 Statistics
      • Ch 8: Linear Relations >
        • 8.1 Patterns (part 1 of 2)
        • 8.1 Patterns (part 2 of 2)
        • 8.2 Modeling Real-Life Situations
        • 8.3 Cartesian Plane
        • 8.4 Graphing a Table of Values
        • 8.5 Interpolation and Extrapolation
    • Math 8 >
      • Ch 1: Integers >
        • 1.1 Multiplying Integers
        • 1.2 Dividing Integers
        • 1.3 Adding Integers
        • 1.4 Subtracting Integers
        • Practice
      • Ch 2: Fractions >
        • 2.1 Basic Fraction Skills
        • 2.2 More Fraction Skills
        • 2.3 Multiplying Fractions
        • 2.4 Multiplying Mixed Fractions
        • 2.5 Dividing Fractions
        • 2.6 Dividing Mixed Fractions
        • 2.7 Adding and Subtracting Fractions
        • 2.8 Adding Mixed Fractions
        • 2.9 Subtracting Mixed Fractions
        • 2.10 Order of Operations with Fractions
        • Practice
      • Ch 3: Percent, Proportions, Ratio, and Rate >
        • 3.1 Converting Fractions, Decimals, & Percents
        • 3.2 Solving Proportions
        • 3.3 Percents
        • 3.4 Common Percent Problems
        • 3.5 Ratios
        • 3.6 Rates
        • 3.7 Proportion Problems
        • Handouts
      • Ch 4: Square Roots and the Pythagorean Theorem >
        • 4.1 Perfect Squares and Square Roots
        • 4.2 Estimating Square Roots
        • 4.3 Cube and Cube Roots
        • 4.4 The Pythagorean Theorem
        • 4.5 The Pythagorean Theorem (continued)
        • 4.6 Applications of the Pythagorean Theorem
        • Practice
      • Ch 5: Probability and Statistics >
        • 5.1 Probability
        • 5.2 Probability with Cards
        • 5.3 Tree Diagrams
        • 5.4 Independent and Dependent Events
        • 5.5 Dependent Events
        • 5.6 Measures of Central Tendency
      • Ch 6: Linear Equations and Relations >
        • 6.1 Algebraic Expressions
        • 6.2 Solving One-Step Equations
        • 6.3 Solving Two-Step Equations
        • 6.4 The Distributive Property
        • 6.5 The Cartesian Plane
        • 6.6 Linear Relations
        • 6.7 Linear Models
      • Ch 7: Geometry >
        • 7.1 Area Review
        • 7.2 Area of Composite Shapes
        • 7.3 Volume of Prisms
        • 7.4 Volume of Composite Shapes
        • 7.5 Surface Area of Prisms
        • 7.6 Surface Area of Cylinders
        • 7.7 Surface Area of Composite Shapes
  • (Retired) Blog
  • Marks
  • Contact Mr. Wadge

Student of the Week

25/6/2021

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This week's (and the third to last ever, perhaps) Student of the Week is Jaden P.

No, in this photo we are not displaying our well-disinfected / washed hands during these Covid times. The "five" is for the number of times I taught Jaden Math at King George. Math 8, PreCalculus 10, PreCalculus 11, PreCalculus 12, Calculus12.

I  have had the pleasure (I really   do love it) of teaching kids all five years of their high school lives quite a few times now... I'd say around 50 in total. And of all those kids I'd say that Jaden changed the LEAST from grade to grade 12.

Sound  like I'm  being rude? Not  at all! What I mean by that statement is  that, even in grade 8, Jaden was already extremely mature (top 5 most-mature-grade-8-boys I've taught in 24 years of teaching). He was responsible and honest, determined and motivated, friendly and polite. And that was in grade 8!!! And (not surprisingly) he is still this way.

In five years I think the harshest thing  I have ever had to say to him is "try to get here on time, Jaden". So then he did. 

Talk about an easy student to  teach. And such a good person. He actually worked with one of my 23-year-old daughter's best friends a while back. She told me: "Jaden is such a nice guy. It's hard  to believe he is still in high school". Jaden, I think it is safe to say that it is good news when 23-year old girls are surprised you are still in high school. :)

It's been an awesome five years, Jaden. Remember  the Wadge-mantra: (1) work hard, and (2) be 100% responsible for everything in your life. You have so much going for you; you are truly a "can't-miss prospect". If the despicable Denver Broncos ever  win another Superbowl (ick!)  the only thing that will make it bearable is the knowledge that it makes you  very, very happy! Love ya JP! All the best!
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Song of the Week

25/6/2021

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How many alien civilizations are out there?

25/6/2021

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Are we alone in the universe? This is one of the biggest questions science is trying to answer. Many are inclined to think that there is indeed life beyond Earth. After all, there are billions of galaxies each with billions of stars. Surely, among them, there must be other Earth-like planets and sun-like stars capable of seeding life.
But however groundbreaking finding microbes on another planet would be, that would pale in significance to making contact with another alien civilization.
There’s actually a way to estimate how many alien civilizations may reside in the Milky Way thanks to a statistical model developed in the 1960s known as the Drake equation, named after astronomer Dr. Frank Drake.
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I couldn't agree more with this...

25/6/2021

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A school year unlike any other is coming to a close, but one thing remains the same: We’re still tussling, in the same old ways, over how math should be taught. More data science, less stuffy trigonometry? Students placed in separate classrooms by test scores or doing differentiated work in the same classroom? These questions are vexed, but I’ve got one suggestion for how we can improve. We can tell students that math is very, very hard.
It’s the truth. The techniques of algebra, geometry and calculus were hard to create, and they’re hard to learn. But saying so forthrightly doesn’t come naturally to a lot of teachers — or to commenters on education. “Math Is Not Hard: A Simple Method That Is Changing The World,” reads a headline in HuffPost, extolling an approach that aims to help ease kids into the subject. I embraced rhetoric like this when I was an apprentice college instructor. I was constantly telling students, at the outset of a computation, “Now this is pretty simple” — encouraging them, or so I thought. My mentor, the master teacher Robin Gottlieb, now a professor at Harvard, set me straight. When we say a lesson is “easy” or “simple,” and it manifestly isn’t, we are telling students that the difficulty isn’t with the mathematics, it’s with them. And they will believe us. They won’t think, “I’ve been lied to,” they’ll think, “I’m dumb and I should quit.”.
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Student of the Week

17/6/2021

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This week's Student of the Week is Yasmin A. 

Yasmin and I had an interesting first year of Math together. If memory serves me correctly, she wrote a test to see if she could move from Math 8 to PreCalculus 10. She did AMAZING on the test so I gave her permission to skip Math 9. Just one problem: PreCalculus 10 did not fit into her schedule. But it seemed ridiculous to have her sit in a class that she already knew all the material.

The solution? Yasmin became a class of 1 person! She would come to my class during my Spare block and work on Math. She learned the material from my videos and I would help her when necessary (about four times in the entire year). It was great fun! There were some grade 11s or 12s who hung out in my class at that time and we all had a nice time chatting together while Yasmin did Math (and I did a little marking or something).

After that nice experience, I got to teach Yasmin three more times. Lucky me! Yasmin is a great Math student. She works hard and gets excellent marks. But what I respect most is her total commitment to truly UNDERSTANDING all of the material. This takes patience and discipline and is a hallmark of the very best students.

One of my favourite memories of Yasmin is when I horrified her with my ignorance. She showed me a question she had been struggling with. There was one part where she did something like the following:

3^2  x  4^2  =  12^2

I looked at it uncertainly for a few moments and then stammered: "wait. can you do that?".

Yasmin was APPALLED! She looked at me pityingly. "Of course you can do that, Mr. Wadge". And, yes, you can do that. But I wasn't sure at that moment. And the only thing Yasmin was sure of at that moment is that her Math teacher was a moron (she's not wrong).

Sorry to disappoint you, Yasmin. Especially since you have NEVER disappointed me.  You are, in fact, one of the kindest, most appreciative, warm-hearted people I have ever met. I feel blessed to have taught you the past four years and will truly miss you next year. Good luck next year at the University of Toronto (so proud of you for following your heart!). I KNOW that great things await you and you deserve them all! Love you, YA!
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Song of the Week

17/6/2021

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These "Controversial" Math questions always pop up on the internet

17/6/2021

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Most popular answers are 16 and 2. Do you know which one is correct?
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Pretty controversial. What do you think?

17/6/2021

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The Vancouver School Board’s decision to do away with honours math and science programs has sparked criticism from parents, and a past participant who says the move will not actually advance equity.
Eric Hamber secondary is one of only two schools that still offers the option to students in Grades 8 to 10. The accelerated program covers three years of math in just two and is not available for all students. According to the school’s website, students who are eligible to enroll in the programs have “demonstrated an interest” in the subjects, as well as an “attitude and work ethic.” In addition to a faster pace, students will “will learn to function academically in an oral and written sense commensurate with that expected of a class of highly motivated and able students.” in the math program, students participate in extracurricular competitions, and “other enrichment activities”
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Student of the Week

6/6/2021

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This week's Student of the Week is Tony K!

Tony is a surprising fellow. When I first met him (when he was in grade 9) he struck me as a quiet, unassuming, sort-of-shy student.

Wow! Did I ever underestimate Tony! The guy is a dynamo! We are talking just all-around amazing! Consider the following:
  1. SMARTS - Tony is one of the best Math students in the school. He is the rare student who makes me a bit nervous when he asks questions. Why? Because he has such good insights, notices connections, is right on top of things. His questions are often not the "typical" question I've come to expect. I have to really be prepared for what he is asking.
  2. SCHOLARLY - what makes Tony such a good student is not his natural ability. It is the persistence and internal motivation he displays. He always does his best. He always seeks complete understanding.
  3. CREATIVE - quite frankly, Tony has made some of the highest quality videos a student has ever handed in to me. Incredible production values! Funny! Professional! And that singing voice!! (hahaha)
  4. SENSE OF HUMOUR - not just in the videos. Tony has an understated way of being funny which just makes things even more hilarious. He is never loud and obnoxious (that's more my style) but deftly slips in witty lines here and there when I'm not expecting it. Plus, he's sort of weird (which I love). Like when he includes a photo of me (which I didn't even know he took) or Narihiro or Anthony with almost every homework assignment. Weird, right? But very amusing (except for the photos of me when I look soooooo old!!!) :(
  5. ATHLETIC - a few years ago at the triathlon, Tony was starting his swim 10 seconds after me. Now I'm not saying I'm a great swimmer but I figured I would leave Tony in the dust. So I make the first turn and hazard a glance... and Tony is definitely less than 10 second behind! So I pick it up a bit and at the next turn... he's even closer! We ended up side by side for the last 15 metres and - I won't lie - Tony nipped me at the line. Turns out he is a water-polo player (hardest sport ever!! Sooo exhausting!). Only thing I can say in my defence: someone told me he proceeded to barf in the bushes after his swim. And I still had to do the bike and run. :)
  6. THOUGHTFUL - Tony does a lot for our school. Videos for all sorts of things. Scorekeeping. Interact club, etc. He's a good guy!

On top of all this, Tony, you have always treated me with the utmost respect and kindness. I know that you will do great things in the future but I am proud of you already. Proud of everything you have ALREADY accomplished and proud of the sort of person you are. The best compliment I can pay you: I was talking to a fellow teacher recently about how outstanding your ENTIRE grad class is. The teacher said: "you know the sort of person I'd love to be friends with if I was back in grade 12? Tony K!". I couldn't agree more!

It's been a wonderful four years with you in my class, Tony. Thanks for being such an easy and rewarding student to teach. Love ya!
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Song of the Week

6/6/2021

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Student of the Week

31/5/2021

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This week's Student of the Week is Kat T.

Although I only taught Kat a couple of times (PreCalculus 12 and Calculus 12), I found so many things to admire about her. She is an incredible Math student. She is also an amazingly INDEPENDENT student. One gets the sense that she could learn most (all?) of the course material on her own... and she often does! This is less common in Math than other subjects and demonstrates impressive reasoning skills.

Kat is always friendly and has a great sense of humour. She frequently comes EARLY to class (another rare trait) and I always look forward to spending  a couple minutes in conversation with her. 

One of the most impressive things I ever witnessed Kat do, was after a test she wrote in PreCalculus 12. She was not happy with her mark (it was not BAD but definitely lower than her usual outrageously-high standard). Kat came to see me and asked to do a re-test. I reminded her that retests in my class are only for students who have completed ALL their homework for the chapter (which she had not done). She was obviously upset and expressed her disappointment... with herself. She did not whine. She did not look for excuses (work, other classes, etc). She accepted that I would not allow her to write a re-test and - though obviously disappointed - took responsibility. 

For the rest of the year, I think Kat must have ended up with 100% (or VERY close to it) and ended up with an outstanding mark overall. But what impressed me most was not her mark but the way she dealt with disappointment. This is something we can all learn from!

It's been awesome teaching you, Kat. Good luck with Engineering (lots of Math! Yay!); I know you will do great. I wish you nothing but the best in the years ahead. You deserve it! Love ya, Kat!
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Song of the Week

31/5/2021

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    P. Wadge

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